Glossary and Acronyms

This is a selection of terms and definitions that are useful for understanding and correctly interpreting the requirements and specifications of stages, structures, and machinery used in the entertainment industry.

“Standards are drafted in the expectation that those who use them will be appropriately experienced, qualified and equipped to do so, that they will apply them conscientiously and, where necessary, take sound advice by others qualified to provide it.“

“Responsibility for interpreting a standard rests with its user, informed where necessary by appropriate expert advice. Ultimately, the only body with the power to give a definitive interpretation is a court of law.” [Source BS 0]

GLOSSARY

ACRONYMS

Glossary

TERM TYPE DESCRIPTION SOURCE
acceptance test Entertainment – General A test that is performed on equipment that is ready to operate, and that should assess the proper assembly, functional sequences by test runs according to the specification, safety equipment, results of test loads and complete information on necessary characteristics, remarks, safety markings. EN 17206-1
actuator General – Electrical Part of a device to which an external manual action is to be applied. EN 60204-32
adequate risk reduction General – Machinery Risk reduction that is at least in accordance with legal requirements, taking into consideration the current state of the art. EN ISO 12100
adjustable guard General – Machinery Fixed or movable guard which is adjustable as a whole or which incorporates adjustable part(s). EN ISO 12100
ambient temperature General – Electrical Temperature of the air or other medium where the equipment is to be used. EN 60204-32
amusement device Entertainment – Amusement Rides Arrangement of equipment that produces the desired effect of amusement or entertainment when the passenger moves through it or on it primarily by his or her own action, or any other system that is not covered by the term amusement ride. EN 13814-1
amusement ride General – Amusement Rides Equipment that is designed to entertain the passengers during motion including the consequence of biomechanical effect. EN 13814-1
assembly instructions General – Machinery They are instructions for partly completed machinery that contain a description of the conditions must be met with a view to correct incorporation in the final machinery, so as not to compromise safety and health. They must also be written in an Official Community language acceptable to the manufacturer of the machinery in which the partly completed machinery will be assembled, or to his authorised representative. MD 2006/42/EC
assembly of machinery General – Machinery Assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system consisting of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, and which are joined together for a specific application. MD 2006/42/EC
barrier General – Amusement Rides Device intended to prevent the user from falling and from passing beneath a barrier can also be used as a fence. EN 13814-1
build drawings General – Structural Revised set of drawings submitted by a contractor upon completion of the project. They reflect all of the changes made in the specifications and working drawings during the construction process, and show the exact dimensions, geometry, and location of all elements of the work completed under the contract. They are also called “record drawings” or just “as-builts.” General Knowledge
category 0 stop General – Electrical Stopping by immediate removal of power to the hoisting machine actuators (i.e. an uncontrolled stop. EN 60204-32
category 1 stop General – Electrical A controlled stop with power available to the hoisting machine actuators to achieve the stop and then removal of power when the stop is achieved. EN 60204-32
category 2 stop General – Electrical A controlled stop with power left available to the hoisting machine actuators. EN 60204-32
chain anchorage General – Machinery Arrangement comprising the parts which connect the loaded chain end termination to the major load bearing structure, e.g. pins, bolts, tension rods. EN 14492-1
chain drive General – Machinery System of fine tolerance steel link chains, roller chains, driven and non-driven chain wheels and chain anchorages. EN 14492-1
characteristic load Entertainment – Stage Machinery The characteristic load is the sum of the system load and the dynamic forces occurring during normal operation. EN 17206-1
characteristic load pressure Entertainment – Stage Machinery In a hydraulic system, the pressure generated by the characteristic load. EN 17206-1
closed restraint General – Amusement Rides Closed restraint position in which the restraint is intended to remain during the operation of the device in order to restrain the passenger. EN 13814-1
commissioning General – Machinery Procedures prior, or related, to the handing over of a product ready for putting into service, including final acceptance testing, the handing over of all documentation relevant to the use of the product and, if necessary, instructing personnel. EN 82079-1
common mode failures General – Machinery Failures of items characterised by the same fault mode. EN ISO 12100
competent person Entertainment – General Person with sufficient practical and theoretical knowledge and experience to carry out the person’s duties, and who is aware of the limits of the person’s competency, expertise and knowledge. EN 17206-1
connectors Entertainment – Structural Connection components in a truss module
EXAMPLE Endplates, forkends, conical receivers, etc.		 EN 17115
control circuit Entertainment – General Circuit used for the operational control of stage machinery and for protection of the power circuits. EN 17206-1
control device Entertainment – General Device for the activation of a movement, e.g. lever, push button, wheel. EN 17206-1
control gear General – Electrical Switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective, and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures, and supporting structures, intended in principle for the control of electrical energy consuming equipment. EN 60204-32
controlled stop General – Electrical Stopping of machine motion with power to the machine actuators maintained during the stopping process. EN 60204-1
corner module Entertainment – Structural Associated structural component intended to be used to connect truss modules in different directions. EN 17115
dangerous failure General – Electrical Failure of an element and/or subsystem and/or system that plays a part in implementing the safety function that:
a) prevents a safety function from operating when required (demand mode) or causes a safety function to fail (continuous mode) such that the EUC is put into a hazardous or potentially hazardous state; or
b) decreases the probability that the safety function operates correctly when required.		 EN 61508-4
declaration of conformity General – Machinery It’s a formal declaration by the manufacturer or the manufacturer’s representative to declare that their product (to which it applies) meets all relevant requirements of all product safety directives applicable to the product. MD 2006/42/EC | Guide
declaration of incorporation General – Machinery Is a formal declaration by the product’s manufacturer when partly completed (or incomplete) machinery is first placed on the market and cannot be CE marked. MD 2006/42/EC | Guide
demand rate General – Electrical [rd] – Frequency of demands for a safety-related action of the SRP/CS EN ISO 13849-1
design load Entertainment – General Load to be used for calculation/validation of a specific component according to the standards and the technical literature applicable for the specific component. EN 17206-1
direct contact General – Electrical Electric contact of persons or animals with live parts. EN 60204-32
direct control General – Machinery Main power circuit is directly controlled by the hand controlled actuator without additional means between the actuator and the main power circuit. EN 14492-1
direct opening action General – Electrical [of a contact element] Achievement of contact separation as the direct result of a specified movement of the switch actuator through non-resilient members (for example, not dependent upon springs). EN 60204-32
disconnecting device General – Electrical Device which provides, in the open position, an isolating distance in accordance with specified requirements. EN 60204-32
downstage Entertainment – General At or towards the front of a theatrical/entertainment stage. General Knowledge
drive mechanism of the stand Entertainment – General Element that is used for the lifting and lowering motions and that acts on the load-bearing equipment. The drive mechanism is also used for retaining the loads. EN 17206-2
drive system Entertainment – General Part of a load bearing machine that executes movement and holding of the load and which converts energy into movement. EN 17206-1
emergency operation General – Machinery All actions and functions intended to end or avert an emergency situation. EN ISO 12100
emergency situation General – Machinery Hazardous situation needing to be urgently ended or averted. EN ISO 12100
emergency stop (E-stop)
emergency stop function		 General – Machinery Function which is intended to
— avert arising or reduce existing hazards to persons, damage to machinery or to work in progress, and
— be initiated by a single human action.		 EN ISO 13850
emergency stop device General – Electrical Manually actuated control device used to initiate an emergency stop function. IEC 60947‑5‑5
emergency stop equipment General – Electrical Safety related parts of a control system which perform the emergency stop function. EN ISO 13850
enabling device General – Machinery Additional manually operated device used in conjunction with a start control and which, when continuously actuated, allows a machine to function. EN ISO 12100
enclosure General – Electrical Part providing protection of equipment against certain external influences and, in any direction, protection against direct contact. EN 60204-32
equipotential bonding General – Electrical Provision of electric connections between conductive parts, intended to achieve equipotentiality. EN 60204-32
event Entertainment – Structural Public or private occasion at which visitors are present. EN 17979
event structure Entertainment – Structural Structure to be set-up for no more than 90 days to be used for events. EN 17979
exposed conductive part General – Electrical Conductive part of electrical equipment which can be touched and which is not normally live but which can become live under fault conditions. EN 60204-32
fail safe General – Amusement Rides Characteristic of a system, component or device the failure of which maintains a safe state. EN 13814-1
failure General – Machinery Termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function. IEV 192-03-01
failure to danger General – Machinery Any malfunction in the machinery, or in its power supply, that increases the risk. EN ISO 12100
fault General – Machinery State of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding the inability during preventive maintenance or other planned actions, or due to lack of external resources. EN ISO 12100
fault avoidance General – Electrical Use of techniques and procedures that aim to avoid the introduction of faults during any phase of the safety lifecycle of the safety-related system. EN 61508-4
fault tolerance General – Electrical Ability of a functional unit to continue to perform a required function in the presence of faults or errors. EN 61508-4
fence General – Amusement Rides Structure designed to restrict or prevent movement across a boundary without change of elevation. EN 13814-1
fixed guard General – Machinery Guard affixed in such a manner (for example, by screws, nuts, welding) that it can only be opened or removed by the use of tools or by destruction of the affixing means. EN ISO 12100
fleet angle General – Machinery Angle between the rope axis and the groove direction of a drum or sheave, at the point where rope enters the drum or sheave. EN 14492-1
fly bar Entertainment – General Fly bar (e.g. bar or truss) having several load bearing lines for lifting, lowering, and suspending loads, with the load being either uniformly distributed or concentrated (point load). EN 17206-1
foldable leg Entertainment – Structural Generally non-detachable straight profile with a hinging action mounted in the corners of a deck or frame. EN 17736
foot Entertainment – General Part of a stand that transmits the load to the area on which it stands. EN 17206-2
frame Entertainment – Structural Closed frame construction made of aluminium profiles; depending on model with mounting for legs and/or substructure (without load bearing infill). EN 17736
functional safety General – Electrical Part of the overall safety relating to the EUC and the EUC control system that depends on the correct functioning of the E/E/PE safety-related systems and other risk reduction measures. EN 61508-4
functional safety assessment General – Electrical Investigation, based on evidence, to judge the functional safety achieved by one or more E/E/PE safety-related systems and/or other risk reduction measures. EN 61508-4
gate General – Amusement Rides Section of fence or barrier that may be opened to provide access or egress. EN 13814-1
group synchronisation tolerance Entertainment – Stage Machinery Permissible deviation in the position in relation to another machine within a group. EN 17206-1
group synchronisation tolerance in the event of failure Entertainment – Stage Machinery Permissible deviation in the position in relation to another of the machine within a group during (moving) and after (stationary) an event of failure. EN 17206-1
guard General – Machinery Physical barrier, designed as part of the machine to provide protection. EN ISO 12100
guardrail Entertainment – Structural Physical barrier to protect persons against falling off raised areas. EN 17736
hand-held direct-control device General – Electrical Manually operated switching device, the enclosure of which is portable by hand during operation, acting direct on a power circuit. EN 60204-32
handrail General – Amusement Rides Rail intended to assist the user to balance. EN 13814-1
hardware safety integrity General – Electrical Part of the safety integrity of a safety-related system relating to random hardware failures in a dangerous mode of failure. EN 61508-4
harm General – Machinery Physical injury or damage to health. EN ISO 12100
hazard General – Machinery Potential source of harm. EN ISO 12100
hazard zone
danger zone		 General – Machinery Any space within and/or around machinery in which a person can be exposed to a hazard. EN ISO 12100
hazardous event General – Machinery Event that can cause harm. EN ISO 12100
hazardous situation General – Machinery Circumstance in which a person is exposed to at least one hazard. EN ISO 12100
hoist General – Machinery Machine for lifting and lowering loads, freely suspended or guided or supported on inclined planes, over predetermined distances, with or without trolleys. EN 14492-1
hold-to-run control device General – Electrical Control device which initiates and maintains machine functions only as long as the manual control (actuator) is actuated. EN ISO 12100
hydraulic components General – Machinery Elements (e.g. switches, valves, filters) interconnected and forming an operational hydraulic system. EN 14492-1
impeding device General – Machinery Any physical obstacle (low barrier, rail, etc.) which, without totally preventing access to a hazard zone, reduces the probability of access to this zone by offering an obstruction to free access. EN ISO 12100
indirect contact General – Electrical Electric contact of persons or animals with exposed conductive parts which have become live under fault conditions. EN 60204-32
information for use General – Machinery Protective measure consisting of communication links (for example, text, words, signs, signals, symbols, diagrams) used separately or in combination, to convey information to the user. EN ISO 12100
informative element General – Standard Element intended to assist the understanding or use of the document or that provides contextual information about its content, background or relationship with other documents. CEN IR Part 3
inherently safe design measure General – Machinery Protective measure which either eliminates hazards or reduces the risks associated with hazards by changing the design or operating characteristics of the machine without the use of guards or protective devices. EN ISO 12100
intended use General – Machinery Use of a machine in accordance with the information for use provided in the instructions. EN ISO 12100
interlock General – Electrical [for safeguarding] Arrangement that interconnects guard(s) or device(s) with the control system and/or all or part of the electrical supply to the hoisting machine. EN 60204-32
interlocking guard General – Machinery Guard associated with an interlocking device so that, together with the control system of the machine, the following functions are performed:
⎯ the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard cannot operate until the guard is closed,
⎯ if the guard is opened while hazardous machine functions are operating, a stop command is given, and
⎯ when the guard is closed, the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard can operate (the closure of the guard does not by itself start the hazardous machine functions).		 EN ISO 12100
interlocking guard with guard locking General – Machinery Guard associated with an interlocking device and a guard locking device so that, together with the control system of the machine, the following functions are performed:
⎯ the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard cannot operate until the guard is closed and locked,
⎯ the guard remains closed and locked until the risk due to the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard has disappeared, and
⎯ when the guard is closed and locked, the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard can operate (the closure and locking of the guard do not by themselves start the hazardous machine functions).		 EN ISO 12100
international standard General – Standard Standard that is adopted by an international standardizing/standards organization and made available to the public. EN 45020
label General – Standard Item, attached to a product, which displays information related to one or more characteristic(s) of the product. EN 82079-1
levelling device General – General Structural element used to level out slopes, uneven terrain, or steps. This may be an object such as an adjustable tripod leg. EN 17206-2
lifting accessory Entertainment – General Component or equipment, allowing the load to be held, which is placed between the lifting machinery and the load or on the load itself, or which is intended to constitute an integral part of the load and which is independently placed on the market. EN 17206-1
lifting operation General – Machinery Means a movement of unit loads consisting of goods and/or persons necessitating, at a given moment, a change of level. MD 2006/42/EC
limited movement control device General – Machinery Control device, a single actuation of which, together with the control system of the machine, permits only a limited amount of travel of a machine element. EN ISO 12100
limiting device General – Machinery Device which prevents a machine or hazardous machine condition(s) from exceeding a designed limit (space limit, pressure limit, load moment limit, etc.) EN ISO 12100
load at failure Entertainment – General Sum of the system load and the dynamic forces occurring due to uncontrolled stops in case of failure. EN 17206-1
load bearing element Entertainment – General Parts of a machine between the load and the machinery anchor point. EN 17206-1
load bearing equipment Entertainment – General Assembly of load bearing elements, including the drive mechanism. EN 17206-1
load bearing equipment of the stand Entertainment – General Structural element that carries the load and self-weight of the extendable parts of the stand and that is permanently connected to the stand. EN 17206-2
load bearing infill General – Structural Load bearing structure, for example timber, metal, polymer, attached to the frame. EN 17736
load carrying device Entertainment – General Part of stage machinery which directly carries the intended load.
EXAMPLE Fly bar of a bar hoist, platform of an elevator, truss, hook of a point hoist.		 EN 17206-1
load holding device Entertainment – General Device that prevents unintentional movement of an already stationary load.
EXAMPLE Rope lock, locking pin.		 EN 17206-1
load profile monitoring Entertainment – Stage Machinery Programming of a specific axis load condition followed by monitoring of the load with an automatic stop of the axis once the measured load deviates from the programmed load. EN 17206-1
load securing device Entertainment – General Mechanical device that can bring a load to a defined stop and prevents unintentional movement.
EXAMPLE A brake, self-braking worm gear, shut-off valve.		 EN 17206-1
locking restraint General – Amusement Rides Restraint which is held secure against opening except by intentional action of the operator or other means not accessible by the passenger. EN 13814-1
machine actuator General – Machinery Power mechanism of the machine used to effect motion. EN ISO 13850
machine control system General – Electrical System which responds to input signals from parts of machine elements, operators, external control equipment or any combination of these and generates output signals causing the machine to behave in the intended manner. EN ISO 13849-1
machinery machine General – Machinery Assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system consisting of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, and which are joined together for a specific application. EN ISO 12100
machinery installation Entertainment – General All elements between the load and the machinery anchor point. EN 17206-1
main chord Entertainment – Structural Longitudinal profile of a truss module. EN 17115
maintainability General – Machinery Ability of a machine to be maintained in a state which enables it to fulfil its function under conditions of intended use, or to be restored to such a state, with the necessary actions (maintenance) being carried out according to specified practices and using specified means. EN ISO 12100
malfunction General – Machinery Failure of a machine to perform an intended function. EN ISO 12100
manual counterweight system Entertainment – Stage Machinery Manually operated fly bar moved by means of an operating rope, where the load is fully or partially balanced by counterweights carried in a guided frame connected to the flying bar. EN 17206-1
manually extendable mast segment Entertainment – General Telescopic mast segment of a stand that is moved by direct manual force. EN 17206-2
manual reset General – Electrical Function within the SRP/CS used to restore manually one or more safety functions before re-starting a machine. EN ISO 13849-1
marking General – Machinery Is an identification marking or label that is placed on the machinery and displays certain information such as the manufacturer’s name and address, designation of series or type, serial number (if any), etc. The marking can also be used to show if the machinery complies with certain mandatory requirements and include the name of the authorised representative for the manufacturer, and if applicable: the intended use, mass, maximum speed, maximum working load, frequency of inspection, etc. EN ISO 12100
monitoring General – Electrical Safety function which ensures that a protective measure is initiated if the ability of a component or an element to perform its function is diminished or if the process conditions are changed in such a way that a decrease of the amount of risk reduction is generated. EN ISO 13849-1
movable guard General – Machinery Guard which can be opened without the use of tools. EN ISO 12100
muting General – Electrical Temporary suspension of a safety function by the SRP/CS. EN 17206-1
nominal pressure Entertainment – General Pressure stated by the manufacturer of the component. EN 17206-1
normative document General – Standard Document that provides rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results. EN 45020
normative element General – Standard Element that describes the scope of the document or sets out provisions. CEN IR Part 3
offstage Entertainment – General At or towards the outer side—toward the external side—of a theatrical/entertainment stage. General Knowledge
onstage Entertainment – General At or towards the inner side—toward the centre—of a theatrical/entertainment stage. General Knowledge
operating pressure Entertainment – General Pressure generated by the system. EN 17206-1
operator control station General – Electrical Assembly of one or more control actuators fixed on the same panel or located in the same enclosure. IEC 60204‑1
overcurrent General – Electrical Electric current exceeding the rated electric current. EN 60204-32
overload General – Electrical [of a circuit] Time/current relationship in a circuit which is in excess of the rated full load of the circuit when the circuit is not under a fault condition. EN 60204-32
overload condition Entertainment – Stage Machinery Condition in which the load has gone above a preset value. EN 17206-1
partly completed machinery General – Machinery Means an assembly which is almost machinery but which cannot in itself perform a specific application. A drive system is partly completed machinery. MD 2006/42/EC
passenger General – Amusement Rides Person using an amusement device. EN 13814-1
passenger containment General – Amusement Rides Components (e.g. seating, footwells, handrails and passenger restraints) designed to prevent passengers from moving outside a predetermined area on a ride either as a result of the ride forces or the reasonably foreseeable behaviour of the passenger. EN 13814-1
placing on the market General – Machinery Means making available for the first time in the Community machinery or partly completed machinery with a view to distribution or use, whether for reward or free of charge. MD 2006/42/EC
platform General – Amusement Rides Horizontal or inclined surface raised above the level of an adjacent area. EN 13814-1
plug leg Entertainment – Structural Detachable straight profile generally mounted in the corners of a deck or frame and perpendicular to the said deck or frame. EN 17736
plug/socket combination General – Electrical Component and suitable mating component, appropriate to terminate conductors, intended for connection or disconnection of two or more conductors. EN 60204-32
point hoist Entertainment – General Lifting equipment having one load bearing line for lifting, lowering, and suspending loads. EN 17206-1
power circuit General – Electrical Circuit that supplies power from the supply network to units of equipment used for productive operation and to transformers supplying control circuits. EN 60204-32
power source failure General – Electrical Change in the electrical or fluid (liquid or gas) power supply that could adversely affect the performance of a machine. EN 17206-1
product safety label General – Standard Label on a product that informs the observer of one or more potential hazards and describes the safety precautions and/or actions required to avoid the hazard(s). ISO 17724
protective bonding General – Electrical Equipotential bonding for protection against electric shock. EN 60204-32
protective bonding circuit General – Electrical Protective conductors and conductive parts connected together to provide protection against electric shock in the event of an insulation failure. EN 60204-1
protective conductor General – Electrical Conductor required for protective bonding by some measures for protection against electric shock for electrically connecting any of the following parts:
– exposed conductive parts;
– extraneous conductive parts;
– main earthing terminal (PE).		 EN 60204-32
protective device General – Machinery Safeguard other than a guard. EN ISO 12100
protective measure General – Machinery Measure intended to achieve risk reduction, implemented
⎯ by the designer (inherently safe design, safeguarding and complementary protective measures, information for use) and/or
⎯ by the user (organization: safe working procedures, supervision, permit-to-work systems; provision and use of additional safeguards; use of personal protective equipment; training).		 EN ISO 12100
protective shroud General – Electrical Mechanical measure provided to reduce the possibility of unintended actuation of an emergency stop device. EN ISO 13850
provision General – Standard Expression in the content of a normative document that takes the form of a statement, an instruction, a recommendation or a requirement. EN 45020
putting into service General – Machinery Means the first use, for its intended purpose, in the Community, of machinery covered by the Directive. MD 2006/42/EC
rated capacity limiter General – Machinery Device that automatically prevents the hoist from handling loads in excess of its rated capacity, taking into account the dynamic effects during normal operational use. EN 14492-1
rated speed Entertainment – General Maximum speed at which the machine is designed to operate. EN 17206-1
reasonably foreseeable misuse General – Machinery Use of a machine in a way not intended by the designer, but which can result from readily predictable human behaviour. EN ISO 12100
recommendation General – Standard Expression, in the content of a document, that conveys a suggested possible choice or course of action deemed to be particularly suitable without necessarily mentioning or excluding others. CEN IR Part 3
redundancy General – Electrical Application of more than one device or system, or part of a device or system, with the objective of ensuring that in the event of one failing to perform its function another is available to perform that function. EN 60204-32
reliability General – Machinery ability of a machine or its components or equipment to perform a required function under specified conditions and for a given period of time without failing EN ISO 12100
requirement General – Standard Expression in the content of a document that conveys objectively verifiable criteria to be fulfilled and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance with the document is to be claimed. CEN IR Part 3
residual risk General – Machinery Risk remaining after protective measures have been implemented. EN ISO 12100
restraint General – Amusement Rides System, device, or characteristic that is intended to inhibit or restrict the body movement and/or keep the body position to allow the passenger to tolerate accelerations while on the amusement ride or amusement device. EN 13814-1
risk General – Machinery Combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm. EN ISO 12100
risk analysis General – Machinery Combination of the specification of the limits of the machine, hazard identification and risk estimation. EN ISO 12100
risk assessment General – Machinery Overall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk evaluation. EN ISO 12100
risk estimation General – Machinery Defining likely severity of harm and probability of its occurrence. EN ISO 12100
risk evaluation General – Machinery Judgment, on the basis of risk analysis, of whether the risk reduction objectives have been achieved. EN ISO 12100
roof system Entertainment – Structural Event structure covering a stage or spectator facilities in order to shelter performers, equipment and public from weather conditions. EN 17979
rope anchorage General – Machinery Arrangement comprising the parts which connect the rope end termination to the major load bearing structure, e.g. pins, bolts, compensating levers, tension rods, the rope fastening on the rope drum are not included. EN 14492-1
rope drive General – Machinery System of ropes running on rope drums and over rope sheaves, compensation sheaves, rope anchorage and fastening on the rope drum. EN 14492-1
rope end termination General – Machinery Srrangement that has direct contact with the rope in order to allows its connection to e.g. rope anchorage and hook. EN 14492-1
safe state General – Electrical State of the EUC when safety is achieved. EN 61508-4
safeguard General – Machinery Guard or protective device. EN ISO 12100
safeguarding General – Machinery Protective measure using safeguards to protect persons from the hazards which cannot reasonably be eliminated or risks which cannot be sufficiently reduced by inherently safe design measures. EN ISO 12100
safety envelope General – Amusement Rides Space that may be encroached upon by any part of a passenger of an amusement ride during the ride cycle. EN 13814-1
safety function General – Machinery Function of a machine whose failure can result in an immediate increase of risk(s) EN ISO 12100
safety function General – Electrical function that is intended to achieve or maintain a safe state for the machine in respect of a specific hazardous event. EN 17206-1
safety integrity General – Electrical Probability of an E/E/PE safety-related system satisfactorily performing the specified safety functions under all the stated conditions within a stated period of time. EN 61508-4
safety note General – Standard Safety-related information that is collected or grouped in a document or section of a document in a meaningful organizational system to explain safety measures, raise safety awareness and provide a basis for safety related training of users. EN 82079-1
safety-related control function (safety-related control circuit) General – Electrical Control function (control circuit) of a hoisting machine that is intended to maintain the safe condition of the machine or prevent an immediate increase of the risk(s). EN 60204-32
safety-related software General – Electrical Software that is used to implement safety functions in a safety-related system. EN 61508-4
scissor leg Entertainment – Structural Generally non-detachable profiles with a scissor-like action mounted on the bottom side of a deck or frame. EN 17736
significant hazard General – Machinery Hazard which has been identified as relevant and which requires specific action by the designer to eliminate or to reduce the risk according to the risk assessment. EN ISO 12100
slack condition Entertainment – Stage Machinery Condition in which a wire or load bearing device is no longer supporting its attached load. EN 17206-1
sleeve module Entertainment – Structural Associated structural component intended to be used to connect truss modules to tower-systems. EN 17115
stage Entertainment – Structural Raised platform intended to be used for performing and to support equipment. EN 17979
stage deck Entertainment – Structural Frame construction predominantly made from aluminium profiles with a load bearing infill. EN 17736
stage elevator Entertainment – General Part of a horizontal or inclined (tilted) stage, performance area, studio or auditorium floor which can be moved vertically up and/or down, including all necessary drive elements.
EXAMPLE 1 Elevator which is a permanent part of the stage, performance area, studio or auditorium floor (e.g. orchestra elevator, single- or double-deck stage elevator, stage compensating elevator, scenery storage elevator or auditorium elevator).
EXAMPLE 2 Elevator which is not a permanent part of the stage, performance area, studio or auditorium floor, which is used primarily for scenic purposes and which normally rests below stage (e.g. stage trap elevator).		 EN 17206-1
stage elevator platform Entertainment – General Part of a stage elevator which supports the load. EN 17206-1
stage left Entertainment – General On the left side of a stage from the point of view of a performer facing the audience. General Knowledge
stage right Entertainment – General On the right side of a stage from the point of view of a performer facing the audience. General Knowledge
stand Entertainment – General Floor standing, height-adjustable, telescopic device used to carry loads in entertainment technology. This definition includes commercially available devices designated as telescopic lifts, truss lifts for stands, forklifts, heavy-duty lifts, and similar. EN 17206-2
standard General – Standard Document established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context. EN 45020
statement General – Standard Expression, in the content of a document, that conveys information. CEN IR Part 3
statically determinate load system Entertainment – Machinery In statically determinate load systems, all loads and reactions (applied loads of the individual axes and therefore of the suspension points) are known.
Examples of statically determinate load systems are:
a) loads on individual axes (point load or multi-line winch); and
b) distributed loads on two axes.		 EN 17206-1
statically indeterminate load system Entertainment – Machinery In statically indeterminate load systems, the reactions (applied loads of the individual axes and therefore of the suspension points) cannot be fully determined.
Examples of statically indeterminate load systems are:
a) distributed loads on more than two axes; and
b) guided loads.		 EN 17206-1
substructure Entertainment – Structural Structure, independently placed on the market, intended to support decks or frames.
EXAMPLE scaffolding, lattice beams, truss.		 EN 17736
switching device General – Electrical Device designed to make or break the current in one or more electric circuits. IEV 441-14-01
system load Entertainment – General Sum of entertainment load limit and the weight of the load carrying device. EN 17206-1
system load | load-bearing capacity Entertainment – General Maximum load that may be carried under normal operating conditions. The safe working load is equal to the system load minus the self-weight of the load-carrying device used. EN 17206-2
system pressure Entertainment – General Operating pressure limited by a pressure device. EN 17206-1
systematic failure General – Electrical Failure related in a deterministic way to a certain cause, which can only be eliminated by a modification of the design or of the manufacturing process, operational procedures, documentation or other relevant factors. EN ISO 13849-1
task General – Machinery Specific activity performed by one or more persons on, or in the vicinity of, the machine during its life cycle. EN ISO 12100
temporary (grand) stand Entertainment – Structural Temporary, tiered structure providing a viewing area, set-up with the intention to provide a sightline for every spectator on the structure by having just one row of standing or seated spectators per tier. EN 17979
temporary spectator facility Entertainment – Structural Structure accessible for visitors of the event, possibly also providing area(s) designated for spectators to congregation/dance/interact without having a sightline. EN 17979
test load Entertainment – General Load used when testing a lifting device, load bearing equipment, or load carrying or securing devices. EN 17206-1
test rate General – Electrical [rt] – frequency of automatic tests to detect faults in a SRP/CS, reciprocal value of diagnostic test interval. EN ISO 13849-1
toeboard Entertainment – Structural Board placed around the outer edges of stage decks to prevent objects from falling off the deck when required. EN 17736
tower-system Entertainment – Structural Combination of truss-modules and associated structural components, intended to move and hold truss-modules and other loads. EN 17115
truss module Entertainment – Structural Lattice structure intended to be used on its own or in combination with other modules. EN 17115
two-hand control device General – Machinery Control device which requires at least simultaneous actuation by both hands in order to initiate and to maintain hazardous machine functions, thus providing a protective measure only for the person who actuates it. EN ISO 12100
uncontrolled stop General – Electrical Stopping of machine movement by loss of or removal of power to the machine. EN 17206-1
uncontrolled stop General – Electrical Stopping of hoisting machine motion by removing electrical power to the machine actuators. EN 60204-32
underload condition Entertainment – Stage Machinery Condition in which the load has gone below a preset value. EN 17206-1
unexpected start-up
unintended start-up		 General – Machinery Any start-up which, because of its unexpected nature, generates a risk to persons. EN ISO 12100
upstage Entertainment – General Toward or at the rear of a theatrical/entertainment stage. General Knowledge
usability General – Machinery Ability of a machine to be easily used owing to, among others, properties or characteristics that enable its function(s) to be easily understood. EN ISO 12100
validation General – Electrical Confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that the particular requirements for a specific intended use are fulfilled. EN 61508-4
warning message General – Standard Safety-related information that warns users about hazards and instructs on how to avoid them. EN 82079-1

Acronyms

TERM DEFINITION TYPE DESCRIPTION NOTE SOURCE
AOPD active optoelectronic protective device General – Electrical Device whose sensing function is performed by optoelectronic emitting and receiving elements detecting the
interruption of optical radiation, generated within the device, by an opaque object present in the specified
detection zone.		 EN ISO 12100
CPL Centre Point Load Entertainment – Structural Single load applied at the centre of a single-span truss. EN 17115
DC diagnostic coverage General – Electrical Measure of the effectiveness of diagnostics, which may be determined as the ratio between the failure rate of detected dangerous failures and the failure rate of total dangerous failures. Note: Diagnostic coverage can exist for the whole or parts of a safety-related system. For example, diagnostic coverage could exist for sensors and/or logic system and/or final elements. EN ISO 13849-1
E/E/PE electrical/electronic/programmable electronic system General – Electrical System for control, protection or monitoring based on one or more electrical/electronic programmable electronic (E/E/PE) devices, including all elements of the system such as power supplies, sensors and other input devices, data highways and other communication paths, and actuators and other output devices.

EXAMPLE Electrical/electronic/programmable electronic devices include:
a) electro-mechanical devices (electrical);
b) solid-state non-programmable electronic devices (electronic); and
c) electronic devices based on computer technology (programmable electronic).

 EN 60204-1
ELL entertainment load limit Entertainment – Stage Machinery Maximum load that an item of lifting equipment is designed to raise, lower or sustain. EN 17206-1
ELL/R entertainment load limit at rest Entertainment – Stage Machinery Maximum load that an item of lifting equipment is designed to sustain at rest. Note: Due to additional measures (such as locking pins in elevators), the Entertainment Load Limit at Rest could be higher than the entertainment load limit that the machine is capable of moving. EN 17206-1
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility General – Electrical The ability of equipment or a system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment. EN 61000-1-2
EMI Electromagnetic Interference General – Electrical Degradation of the performance of an equipment, transmission channel or system caused by an electromagnetic disturbance. EN 61000-1-2
EN European Standard General – Standard Standard adopted by CEN and/or CENELEC and carrying with it an obligation of implementation as an identical national standard and withdrawal of conflicting national standards. Note: “Harmonised Standard” is a term used in Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, meaning a European Standard adopted on the basis of a request made by the Commission for the application of Union harmonisation legislation. CEN IR Part 2
EPL End Point Load Entertainment – Structure Single load applied at the unsupported end of a cantilever. EN 17115
EUC equipment under control General – Electrical Equipment, machinery, apparatus or plant used for manufacturing, process, transportation,
medical or other activities.		 EN 61508-4
MBL minimum breaking load General – Machinery Is the the minimum load or force to be achieved before the lifting equipment risks breakage or any change that causes the load to loosen. General Knowledge
MTTFd mean time to dangerous failure General – Electrical Expectation of the mean time to dangerous failure. EN ISO 13849-1
OMP Operational Management Plan Entertainment – Structural Written compilation of all measures to be taken to provide safe operation of an event structure including set-up, operation, and dismantling. EN 17979
OWS Operational Wind Speed Entertainment – Structural Shall be noticed as a maximum allowable 3 second gust wind speed. EN 17979
PDS(SR) Power Drive System – safety-related General – Electrical Adjustable speed electrical power drive system suitable for use in safety-related applications. EN 61800-5-2
PE protective conductor General – Electrical Conductor required by some measures for protection against electric shock for electrically connecting any of the following parts:
a) exposed conductive parts;
b) extraneous conductive parts;
c) main earthing terminal;
d) earth electrode; and
e) earthed point of the source or artificial neutral		 EN 61984
PFD probability of dangerous failure on demand General – Electrical Safety unavailability (see IEC 60050-191) of an E/E/PE safety-related system to perform the specified safety function when a demand occurs from the EUC or EUC control system. EN 61508-4
PFH average frequency of a dangerous failure per hour General – Electrical Average frequency of a dangerous failure of an E/E/PE safety related system to perform the specified safety function over a given period of time. EN 61508-4
PL performance level General – Electrical Discrete level used to specify the ability of safety related parts of control systems to perform a safety function under foreseeable conditions. EN ISO 13849-1
PLr required performance level General – Electrical Performance level (PL) applied in order to achieve the required risk reduction for each safety function. EN ISO 13849-1
PU passenger unit Entertainment – Amusement Rides Part or parts of an amusement ride in or on which the passenger is intended to ride. EN 13814-1
QPL Quarter Point Loads Entertainment – Structural Three single loads applied to a single-span truss, dividing the span into quarters. EN 17115
SAR Safe acceleration range General – Electrical The SAR function keeps the motor acceleration and/or deceleration within specified limits. EN 61800-5-2
SBC Safe brake control General – Electrical The SBC function provides a safe output signal(s) to control an external brake(s). EN 61800-5-2
SIL safety integrity level General – Electrical Discrete level (one out of a possible three) for specifying the safety integrity requirements of the safety-related control functions to be allocated to the SRECS, where safety integrity level three has the highest level of safety integrity and safety integrity level one has the lowest. EN 61508-4
SLA Safely-limited acceleration General – Electrical The SLA function prevents the motor from exceeding the specified acceleration limit. EN 61800-5-2
SLP Safely-limited position General – Electrical The SLP function prevents the motor shaft from exceeding the specified position limit(s). EN 61800-5-2
SLS Safely-limited speed General – Electrical The SLS funcion prevents the motor from exceeding the specified speed limit. EN 61800-5-2
SLT Safely-limited torque General – Electrical The SLT function prevents the motor from exceeding the specified torque (or force, when a linear motor is used) limit. EN 61800-5-2
SOS Safe operating stop General – Electrical The SOS function prevents the motor from deviating more than a defined amount from the stopped position. The PDS(SR) provides energy to the motor to enable it to resist external forces. EN 61800-5-2
SPE sensitive protective equipment General – Electrical Equipment for detecting persons or parts of persons which generates an appropriate signal to the control system to reduce risk to the persons detected. Note: The signal can be generated when a person or part of a person goes beyond a predetermined limit — for example, enters a hazard zone — (tripping) or when a person is detected in a predetermined zone (presence sensing), or in both cases. EN ISO 12100
SRP/CS safety-related part of a control system General – Electrical Part of a control system that responds to safety-related input signals and generates safety-related output signals. Note: The combined safety-related parts of a control system start at the point where the safety-related input signals are initiated (including, for example, the actuating cam and the roller of the position switch) and end at the output of the power control elements (including, for example, the main contacts of a contactor).If monitoring systems are used for diagnostics, they are also considered as SRP/CS. EN ISO 13849-1
SRS safety requirements specification General – Electrical Specification containing all the requirements of the safety functions that have to be performed by the PDS(SR). EN 61800-5-2
SS1 Safe stop 1 General – Electrical The PDS(SR) either:
a) initiates and controls the motor deceleration rate within set limits to stop the motor and initiates the STO function when the motor speed is below a specified limit; or
b) initiates and monitors the motor deceleration rate within set limits to stop the motor and initiates the STO function when the motor speed is below a specified limit; or
c) initiates the motor deceleration and initiates the STO function after an application specific time delay.		 EN 61800-5-2
SS2 Safe stop 2 General – Electrical The PDS(SR) either:
a) initiates and controls the motor deceleration rate within set limits to stop the motor and initiates the safe operating stop function when the motor speed is below a specified limit; or
b) initiates and monitors the motor deceleration rate within set limits to stop the motor and initiates the safe operating stop function when the motor speed is below a specified limit; or
c) initiates the motor deceleration and initiates the safe operating stop function after an application specific time delay.		 EN 61800-5-2
SSR Safe speed range General – Electrical The SSR function keeps the motor speed within specified limits. EN 61800-5-2
STO Safe torque off General – Electrical Power that can cause rotation (or motion in the case of a linear motor), is not applied to the motor. The PDS(SR) will not provide energy to the motor which can generate torque (or force in the case of a linear motor). EN 61800-5-2
SWL Safe Working Load General – Machinery Sometimes stated as the Normal Working Load (NWL) is the maximum safe force that a piece of lifting equipment, lifting device or accessory can exert to lift, suspend, or lower, a given mass without fear of breaking. General Knowledge
TPL Third Point loads Entertainment – Structural Two single loads applied to a single-span truss, dividing the span into thirds. EN 17115
UDL Uniformly Distributed Load Entertainment – Structural Load evenly applied over the length of a single-span truss. EN 17115
WLL Working Load Limit General – Machinery It is the maximum working load designed by the manufacturer. The WLL is calculated by dividing the MBL by a safety factor (SF). General Knowledge
WMP Wind Management Plan Entertainment – Structural Written compilation of all measures to be taken to maintain personal safety and structural safety of the event structure as part of an operational management plan. EN 17979